Words "random" and "specified", being an adjective, are too generic (or generalized) and they meet often in other forms in others Drupal modules.Not-skilled translator can translate a line proceeding from a this local context and by that can worsen translation of this word in other context. That it does not happen I suggest to merge an adjective and a noun:)
Original string:
1388: us_store.module
<?php
t('Footer using !type message.', array('!type' => variable_get('uc_footer_message', 0) == 0 ? t('random') : t('specified'))),
?>"Patch":
<?php
t('Footer using !message_type.', array('!message_type' => variable_get('uc_footer_message', 0) == 0 ? t('random message') : t('specified message'))),
?>There are two important questions. I need advice of lead developers. Lyle? Ryan?
1. Whether it will be useful if I will publish other remarks which will help to make Uberacart better for translation into other languages?
2. Whether it will be useful if I will completely to describe problematics of module translation. Whether it will help other English-speaking users?
Motivation:
I recognise that Russian (my native language) one of the most difficult and at the same time, beautiful languages. Drupal has made huge achievement in this area with function "format_plural()". By the way, where are three plural forms with the terrible formula:
<?php
nplurals=3;plural = ((((n%10) == 1) && ((n%100)! =11))? (0): (((((n%10)> =2) && ((n%10) <=4)) && (((n%100) <10) || ((n%100)> =20)))? (1:2));
?>in Russian:) Other facts: nouns have 6 cases and three sorts for each of them! And it is far not all...
It is impossible to consider all nuances of all languages. But it is possible to form a line so that there was no crossing of terms and phrases. Why Russian? I believe, that if to solve these problems with Russian in other languages they simply will not arise. Why Ubercart? Ubercart it is a good 
Besides, I think, that the most part from this issues, as well as that I have specified that in this post, possible to correct so, that English-speaking users will not notice any difference
Sorry, if you badly understand me and for my English 
Re: Difficult translated lines
If you've got any knowledge on making modules better for translation, you know more than us. From the looks of your post, that makes you one of the experts around here.
I appreciate any advice you have, and will make those string changes in the morning. A checklist for making strings easier to translate and a guide for translators would be awesome! We basically started out doing almost everything wrong and have been learning and fixing it as we go. 
One of the biggest troubles we've run into for translation and especially multilingual sites is for user editable fields. Since the data is loaded from a variable, you can't translate it w/ Drupal into multiple languages. Some work on figuring out how the i18n module lets you translate variables has been going on in this thread (see moxide's posts starting on 2-7-08). If you have any insight, we'd love to hear it.
Also, because we're so close to Ubercart 1.0, we may not be able to get all the features in core. I do want to make sure the Drupal 6 version has corrected our bad practice, so your advice as we start to plan for Ubercart 2.0 will be appreciated.